Stia, Cimitero Monumentale

17/04/1944

Execution of members of the Resistance

At dawn on April 16th 1944, a contingent of the Exploring Unit attacked Casa dell’Oja after a tip-off either from an inhabitant of Papiano (according to the 78th Special Investigation Branch) or from an Istrian forest ranger (according to local rumours). In the house about twenty unsuspecting partisans of the Romagnola Brigade were resting, probably before withdrawing to Castagno d’Andrea. The Germans, after executing the three members of the group that were probably wounded, headed towards Ponte Biforco with the remaining 17 partisans. There the prisoners, after being taunted by a local fascist, were loaded onto trucks and probably handed over to the local command of the village, “awaiting transportation to Florence” (as the officer who led the operation told some witnesses from Casalino). What actually happened (probably due to a change of orders in Biforco, or to the direct intervention of the H.G. Headquarters in Pratovecchio) was that on the night between April 16th and 17th 1944 the prisoners were lined up in front of the wall and entrance gate of the village cemetery and shot one by one in the back of the head. Their bodies, buried in a mass grave in the cemetery, were exhumed, identified and returned to their municipalities of origin immediately after the war. Among those executed, the name of Lelio Lama stands out: he was the brother of Luciano, partisan and general secretary of the CGIL after Italy became a republic. A photo of the execution was taken by a German soldier and developed by a photographer from Stia: it shows the bodies of some victims, hands tied behind their backs, piled up lifeless against the wall of the cemetery.

The Signs

Cippo della fossa comune dei 17 partigiani fucilati il 17/4/44

Informations

Place of placement: Inside the old Cemetery

Date of placement:

Description

The monument is dedicated to the 17 partisans executed at the old cemetery in Stia by the Germans on April 17th 1944. They belonged to the I Brigata Romagnola (Gruppo Brigate Romagna) and had been captured the previous day in the Oia Valley during nazi-fascist rounding-up operations carried out in the Tuscan-Romagna Apennines. Located in front of the old Stia Cemetery, it is a concrete structure made up of a series of arched "arms" reaching upwards as if towards some ideal. The monument as a whole also contains two memorial slabs placed on the outer wall of the Cemetery and 17 small memorial stones placed to the left of the driveway, each bearing the name of one of the Fallen (except for the nameless one). The two rectangular stone slabs bear epigraphs with bronze lettering in relief: one, embedded in a metal structure, is dedicated to the 17 partisans executed, the other, attached with four metal hooks, is a homage of the people of Stia to its Martyrs and to those Fallen for Freedom. The memorial stones are simple, roughly rectangular stones on each of which is fixed a small metal plaque engraved with the name of the fallen partisan and his date of death. The lettering is lined with black paint. The 17 memorial stones have recently replaced the same number of irregular horizontal stone slabs bearing the names of the partisans in bronze lettering in relief: the weather had eroded them, hence their replacement. Many of the names are incorrect. At the entrance to the driveway, on the right, is a panel of the "Sentieri della Libertà" (Pathways of Freedom), a series of itineraries in the Casentino Forests National Park (Monte Falterona and Campigna) which commemorate each episode; in this case the events leading up to the massacre of 17 young partisans from Romagna are described.

Along the driveway that leads to the old Cemetery, in addition to the monument to the 17 partisans executed, there are other monuments, plaques and memorial stones dedicated to the War Dead, thus forming a sort of small Garden of Remembrance.

Personal observations

News and contextualisation

Gallery:

Author: Alessandro Bargellini

Monumento ai 17 partigiani fucilati il 17/4/’44 al cimitero vecchio di Stia

Informations

Place of placement: In front of the left wall of the old Cemetery (monument) and along the left side of the driveway (memorial stones).

Date of placement:

Description

The memorial stone is situated inside the old cemetery of Stia, on the spot where the bodies of the 17 partisans executed by the Germans on April 17th 1944 were interred next to the cemetery wall. They belonged to the I Brigata Romagnola (Gruppo Brigate Romagna) and had been captured the previous day in the Oia Valley during rounding-up operations carried out in the Tuscan-Romagna Apennines. It is a rectangular marble slab slightly rounded at the top. The epigraph bears the date of the massacre but does not give the names of the dead, who were only identified at a later date. One remains unknown. The lettering is engraved in marble and lined with black paint. The slab rests on a stone plinth with three levels, on one of which there is a bronze votive lamp. Four small stone pillars are set around the memorial slab.

Personal observations

News and contextualisation

Gallery:

Author: Alessandro Bargellini